基于投入产出的广义旅游业就业效应测度

The Measurement of Correlation of General Tourism Industry and Macroeconomic Effects

围绕旅游业就业效应的范围及测算方法,对旅游业就业效应的内涵从横向和纵向两个角度进行了梳理:横向方面,利用旅游活动6要素、旅游收入的9统计项和投入产出表的产品部门进行对应归集;纵向方面,明确旅游业就业包括直接旅游就业、间接旅游就业和诱导旅游就业三方面。同时,提出利用剥离系数结合投入产出模型的旅游业就业效应测度方:首先利用旅游业剥离系数、完全消耗系数和劳动报酬系数等投入产出转换测算旅游产值,然后利用广义旅游业就业率推导旅游业就业效应。通过测算和比较分析,发现该方法与其他国家的旅游就业计算结果很接近,验证了该方法的科学合理性。

At present, the scope and the calculation method of tourism employment effect are still disagreed among the experts. So, we try to improve the measure theory about the general tourism employment effect from two aspects. On the one hand, the connotation of the tourism employment effect are combined form horizontal and vertical perspectives. Horizontally, we use 6 elements of tourism activities, 9 static items of the tourism income and the industrial sectors of and input-output table, the categoriz and collect the data on the general tourism industry employment. From the vertical perspective, we calculate the general tourism industry employment from direct employment, indirect tourism employment and the induced tourism employment and so on. On the other hand, a new measurement model of the tourism employment effect is constructed, which is an adjustment input-output model includes the stripping coefficient of the general tourism industry. First, the direct, indirect and the induced added value of the general tourism industry will be derivate by some indexes such as the stripping coefficients, completely consumption coefficients and labor compensation coefficient. Then the tourism employment effect is derived by using the employment rate of the generalized tourism employment. According to the measuring results and comparing analysis, the employment effect calculated by the new method is very close to that of the other countries in the world, which can verify the scientificity and rationality of the method.