自然与礼法的融合

The Integration of Nature and Nomos

自然哲人和智术师要么割裂自然与礼法,要么反讽性地连接两者,为弱肉强食的法则辩护。柏拉图扭转了对自然与礼法的理解,将两者有机地融为一体。"自然"首先是指灵魂的自然本性,"法"是灵魂的各种"安排和秩序"。"自然法"意味着将灵魂作为主要的质料,依据灵魂的自然构成给灵魂安排恰切的秩序,以使灵魂获得和谐与德性。由于灵魂的类型与政制的类型平行,为灵魂立法即是为政制立法,旨在培育优异的灵魂和政制。

As for nature and nomos （law）, natural philosophers and sophists either cut them apart, or ironically link them together to defend the law of the jungle. However, Plato changes it by making an organic integration of the two. ＂Nature＂ in the first place refers to the nature of the soul, and ＂law＂ is the ＂arrangement and order＂ of the soul. ＂Natural law＂ means regarding the soul as the main material, arranging an appropriate order according to the natural constitution of the soul to help it achieve harmony and gain virtue. With the parallel between the types of the soul and that of regime, to make law for the soul is to make law for a regime, aiming to foster excellent soul and regime.