颅内静脉窦血栓形成的临床分析及影像学评价

Clinical analysis and radiological evaluation of intracranial venous sinus thrombosis

目的:结合临床资料分析颅内静脉窦血栓形成(cerebral venous sinus thrombosis,CVST)的临床特点及电子计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)、磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)及磁共振静脉成像(magnetic resonance venography,MRV)的影像学特征。方法:回顾性分析经临床确诊的5例CVST患者的临床特点和影像学特征。结果:5例CVST患者中,病变位于横窦2例,上矢状窦3例,同时累及横窦及乙状窦4例,同时累及横窦及矢状窦1例。CT平扫显示静脉窦密度增高或条状低密度影,MRI平扫显示静脉窦内信号异常,MRV可直接显示受累静脉窦变细、不连续、充盈缺损或不显示以及侧支循环形成。患者发生继发性脑损害,包括脑肿胀、出血及梗死等。结论:采用CT、MRI、MRV相结合的手段,有助于CVST患者的早期诊断。

Objective：To analyze the clinical characteristics of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis （ CVST） and imaging characteristics of computed tomography （ CT） , magnetic resonance imaging （ MRI） and magnetic resonance venography （ MRV） according to the clinical data. Methods：Clinical features and imaging characteristics of 5 clinically established cases of CVST were analyzed retrospectively. Re-sults：In 5 cases of CVST , the lesions in 2 cases were located in the transverse sinus;the lesions in 3 cases were located in the superior sagittal sinus;the lesions in 4 cases were involved in both the transverse sinus and the sigmoid sinus;the lesions in 1 case were involved in both transverse and sagittal sinus. CT scan showed increased sinus density or strip-like low density lesion;MRI scan showed abnormal signals in the sinus;MRV showed directly involved venous sinus became thin, discontinuous, filling defect or unshown and the collateral circulation formed. Patients had secondary brain injuries, including brain edema, hemorrhage and infarction. Conclusion：It is useful to combine CT, MRI and MRV in the early diagnosis of CVST.