关于东方文学比较研究的思考

Meditation on Comparative Study of Oriental Literature

东方文学研究相对于西方文学研究而言,一直显得较为滞后和冷落。要改变这一现状,必须摆脱重西方轻东方的"西方中心"观念,重拾东方文化自信,强化文化认同感,积极规划,全盘考虑。既要全方位梳理东方各国文学内部的纵向继承性发展,又要梳理东方各国文学之间相互接触的影响关系与无影响的平行关系,深入探讨其实际存在的异质性,同时更要关注作为整体的东方文学与西方文学的相互交流情况。东方文学研究不是在同一个文化圈或两个文化圈内进行的,而是需要在跨越几个文化圈基础上进行的综合研究。通过这种有难度且复杂的综合研究,旨在充分展示作为世界文化重要组成部分的东方文化的丰富多彩与独特魅力,找出东方文学特有的创作规律、审美形态及其丰厚意蕴,形成东方文学自己的特色与话语,从而完成与"西方学"平等对话、有效互补的真正意义上的"东方学"的建构。只有这样,东方文学研究才能自成体系,在世界文学研究领域彰显出不可替代的重要位置和意义。

Compared with the study of western literature,study of oriental literature seems lagging behind and draws only a few people＇s attention.To break this predicament,we must rid ourselves of the conception of ＂western centrism＂that values western culture above the eastern,and resume the confidence in the eastern culture and intensify the recognition of cultural identity with proactive planning and overall consideration.To be specific,we should both comprehensively comb the internal diachronic development based on inheritance of eastern countries＇literature and organize the influenced but paralleled relations resulting from mutual contact among the eastern countries＇ literature. We should also discuss in depth the existing heterogeneity of eastern countries＇literature,and pay more attention to the mutual exchange between oriental literature,and the western literature.The study of oriental literature is not only a research involved in one or two cultural circles,but also a comprehensive one based on transcultural diversity.By the above complex and complicated way,can we fully demonstrate the variety and unique charm of the eastern culture which is one of the important parts of the world culture,forming some special modes of writing and creating,aesthetic appreciation and rich connotation of oriental culture,and thus summarizing its unique features and utterances of discourse system.Thereby,can the oriental literature have the equal right to dialogue with the＂Occidentalism＂and have the effective construction of＂Orientalism＂ which is effectively complimentary to its counterpart.Only by doing so can the study of oriental literature establish its own system,manifesting its irreplaceable position and significance in the study of the world literature.