模拟月壤真空试验装置设计及实现方法

Device design and implementation method of lunar soil simulant vacuum test

我国探月三期需在月面真空环境下钻采2 m深的月壤样品,为测试采样器在真空热环境下的性能,需首先在地面模拟一个接近月表的真空热环境.本文设计了一套模拟月壤真空试验装置,研究了模拟月壤真空实现方法.通过使用机械泵对模拟月壤进行抽真空,分析了抽速、样品量、含水量、密实度和温度等因素对模拟月壤真空度的影响情况.此外,分别分析了从容器顶部、底部抽气对模拟月壤抽真空效果的影响,提出了保证样品密实度的可行抽气方法.该试验研究对构建月面真空环境模拟器具备一定的参考价值.

Drilling sample of lunar soil over depth of 2 m is the most important object of the third stage of China＇s lunar exploration project. For performance test and security validation of the drilling process,it is necessary to simulate a vacuum thermal environment which is close to lunar surface and then to carry out the simulation test. A test device for lunar soil simulant in vacuum condition was designed and the pumping method was studied. The vacuum degree,under the condition of mechanical pump,influenced by pumping velocity,sample volume,water content,density and temperature was analyzed. Furthermore,with comparing the effect of methods which pumped from the top and the bottom of the lunar simulants vessel,the most efficient method to maintain the density of lunar soil simulants was put forwarded. The research makes some contribution to the construction of lunar vacuum thermal environment simulator.