西方现代侦探小说发展探究

An Exploration into the Development of the Western Detective Stories

侦探小说是以侦探为主要叙事视角和叙事内容的通俗小说。严格意义上的侦探小说始于1841年，后经阿瑟·柯南·道尔、阿加莎·克里斯蒂、雷蒙德·钱德勒等人不断创新、发展，20世纪20～30年代迎来了古典式侦探小说的“黄金时代”。侦探小说经过两百多年的发展，大致形成了主流侦探小说（古典侦探小说）及其衍生体，如“硬汉”小说、黑色悬念小说、警察程序小说等，经历了从单一化描述外部世界到从内心深处感知、探索世界的发展历程。后期侦探小说在创作上深受后现代解构主义的影响，颠覆了传统侦探小说的结构和审美。

Detective stories belong to the popular literature with detectives being the main narrative perspective and narrative focus. The first real detective story was published in 1841 and perfected in the hands of such writers as Conan Doyle,Christie Agatha, Chandler Raymond. This literary form embraced its ＂golden age＂ in the 1920s. De- tective literature, after its development of more than two hundred years, consisting of mainstream classic detective fiction and its various derivatives,including ＂tough guy＂ novels, black suspense novels, police procedural novels, has evolves from an isolated description of the external world to the deep perception of the mental world and of its asso- ciation with the exterior world. The latest detective literature, as is deeply influenced by postmodern deconstruction, deviates from the structure and aesthetics of the traditional detective stories.