合宪、合法与合规:高考加分的法律控制

Constitutionality,Legitimacy and Normativity:Legal Control of Bonus Points in the College Entrance Exam

鉴于统一考试在保障教育基本公平方面的作用及其作为长期存在的招生考试制度的地位,高考加分的法律控制问题仍然具有重要意义,需要从加分制度的合宪性、加分政策的合法性、加分行政行为的规范性三方面统筹考量、整体设计。研究梳理了加分制度的宪法基础,区分加分政策合法性的两种来源,在调查分析基础上揭示两种合法性来源之间的张力与对立,进而探讨对高考加分进行合宪性控制、合法性控制与规范性控制的思路。

Given the role of the unified examination in the long-existing entrance examination system and in guaranteeing fundamental educational fairness, legal control of bonus points in the college en- trance examination is important, and we need to design the bonus points system considering constitu- tionality of the system, legitimacy of the policy, and normativity of the administrative procedure. This study reviews the constitutional basis of the bonus points policy, distinguishes two sources of its legiti- macy, reveals the tension and opposition between the two sources based on investigation and analysis, and then discusses possible ways of constitutional, legal, and normative control of bonus points in the college entrance examination.