儿童肾积水与尿路感染相关性研究

The Correlation Studies of Children Urinary Tract Infection and Hydronephrosis

目的：通过对儿童肾积水与尿路感染相关性的研究,指导临床治疗。方法：收集我院泌尿外科就诊肾积水患儿的临床资料,包括泌尿系统彩超、尿常规、尿培养,对结果进行统计学分析。结果：2011年8月至2014年11月共诊治肾积水患儿96例,年龄2～37（12.8±4.8）个月。重度肾积水中尿路感染的阳性率明显高于轻度肾积水（20.0%vs 2.8%,P〈0.05）;合并有输尿管扩张肾积水尿路感染阳性率高于无输尿管扩张者（18.5%vs 5.6%,P〈0.05）。7例尿路感染病例均培养出细菌,与我院同期普通尿路感染细菌谱比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：严重的儿童肾积水以及合并有输尿管扩张的肾积水有较高的尿路感染风险,其病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,其中大肠埃希菌最为常见,与普通尿路感染病原菌谱比较差异无统计学意义。

Objective： To research the correlation studies of children urinary tract infection and hydronephrosis,and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Methods： The clinical data of children hydronephrosis,including urinary tract ultrasonic,urine routine and urine culture were collected and statistical analyzed. Results： From August 2011 to November 2014,96 cases of children hydronephrosis were selected with 2 ～ 37（ 12. 8±4. 8） months. The positive rate of urinary tract infection in severe hydronephrosis was obviously higher than that of mild hydronephrosis（ 20. 0% vs 2. 8%,P〈0. 05）. The positive rate of urinary tract infection in ureterectasia hydronephrosis was higher than without ureterectasia（ 18. 5% vs 5. 6%,P〈0. 05）. Seven cases of urinary tract infections were cultivated bacteria,compared with normal urinary tract infections the same period in our hospital,there was no statistical difference（ P〈0. 05）.Conclusion： Severe children hydronephrosis with ureterectasia has a higher risk of urinary tract infection. The causative agent of urinary tract infections in children hydronephrosis is mainly Gram-negative,the most common causative agent is Escherichia coli,and has no differences in children without hydronephrosis.