汉语学习者重述反馈注意度研究

Chinese Learners' Noticing of Recasts Feedback in NS-NNS Interaction

在一对一互动中,汉语学习者能够注意到对话者所提供的重述反馈,将之作为一种纠正性反馈,但是注意的水平受学习者语言水平、重述句子的长度及重述句子与学习者初始话语之间差异程度的制约。上述制约主要来源于语言偏向性和记忆能力的差异。本研究可为第二语言(汉语)教学和互动研究提供一些启示。

Recasts in the present study is one kind of implicit feedback,which includes all native speakers’ utterances immediately following a nonnative speakers’ non-target-like utterances that reformulate part or all of the utterances while maintaining the central meaning. The central research questions addressed in this study are： in the NS-NNS interaction, do Chinese learners notice native speakers’ recasts feedback as negative evidence？ And which factors constraint on the noticing？ During each dyadic interaction,learners received recasts of their non-target-like forms. Accurate immediate recall of recasts was taken as evidence of noticing of recasts by learners. We consider that accurate recall was constrained by the level of the learners and by the length and numbers of changes in the recasts. It is suggested that attentional resources and processing biases of the learner may modulate the extent to which learners ＂notice the gap＂ between their non-target-like utterances and recasts. We hope the research can inspire the classroom instruction and interactional research for Chinese second language acquisition.