国家主权与互联网国际行为准则的制定

State Sovereignty and Legislation of International Code of Behavior on Internet

"斯诺登事件"折射出互联网国际行为准则的缺失。这种缺失主要是由于发展中国家与发达国家之间严重的分歧所导致。针对国家的行为准则是互联网国际行为准则的重点内容,但国际法在这方面几乎没有任何具体建树。因此,只能适用一般国际法,其中最为核心的内容就是国家主权平等原则。鉴于该原则的权威性以及南北双方的基本立场,以国家主权作为起点推动互联网国际行为准则的制定是比较可行的。国家主权在互联网领域表现为国家网络主权。尽管各国对于网络主权的理解与实践存在分歧,但从整体而言,以网络主权为基础推动互联网国际行为准则符合发展中国家的利益。在认可与坚持国家网络主权的基础上,对中国、俄罗斯等发展中国家而言,应该以缩短技术差距为条件,以选择适当平台为载体,以寻找利益平衡点为突破口推动制定互联网国际行为准则。

Snowden incident shows the absence of international code of internet behavior,which is the result of disagreement between the developing countries and the developed countries. The code regulating the state behavior is the key content of the code,but international law nearly did nothing about this. Hence,general international law should be applied here,the key content of which is the principle of equality between sovereignty. Considering the authority of the principle and the standpoints of North and South,we think that it is feasible to take the sovereignty as the basis of international code of internet behavior. Sovereignty in internet is internet sovereignty. Although there are different understandings of internet sovereignty,generally speaking,it is in the interest of developing countries to take the sovereignty as the basis of international code of internet behavior. After confirming and insisting on the internet sovereignty,developing countries such as China and Russia should shorten the technology gap,choose the proper platform and find the balancing point of interests to promote the formulation the international code of internet behavior