我国铁路道岔现状与发展

Current status and future development trend of railway turnouts in China

我国在高速道岔研究、设计、实车试验方面已经达到世界先进水平,在道岔制造、铺设和维修方面取得了显著进步。本文系统地介绍我国高速道岔的研发历程、研究成果及创新技术,并基于近10年的运营实践总结了高速道岔在设计、制造和运营中出现的问题,指出高速道岔未来的发展方向和要点。此外,介绍近10年特别是近5年来我国重载道岔和普速道岔的研究现状和创新成果,总结了重载道岔和普速道岔在型号简化统型、创新技术推广应用等方面的问题,指出了其未来的发展方向和要点。

Our country has reached the world advanced level in the research,design and real vehicle test of highspeed turnout and achieved significant progress in the manufacture,layout and maintenance of the turnout.This paper introduced the development process,research achievement and innovative technology of high-speed turnout in China,summarized the problems appeared in the design,manufacture and operation of high-speed turnout and points out the future development direction and key points based on operation practice in the last 10 years.In addition,this paper also introduced the research status and innovations of China heavy-haul turnout and common-speed turnout in the last 10 years especially in the last 5 years,concluded such problems as system type simplification and innovation technology applications of heavy-haul turnout and common-speed turnout,and presented the future direction and key points of them.