纳入非期望产出的关中城市群土地利用效率评价及分异特征

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Urban Land Using and Its Differentiation Characteristics in Guanzhong Urban Agglomeration Considering Undesirable Outputs

在纳入环境负效应所带来的非期望产出的前提下,运用改进的DEA模型对2008—2012年关中城市群5个城市的土地利用效率进行测度,并通过受限因变量Tobit模型回归分析来揭示各城市存在土地利用效率分异的原因。结果表明:1忽视非期望产出会导致效率值的高估;2关中城市群整体城市土地利用效率低下,且各城市均存在投入要素冗余及环境产出不足的问题;3经济规模、产业结构、城市维护建设资金占比是制约宝鸡、咸阳和渭南土地利用效率提高的因素,而人口聚集导致的环境压力则是西安所需进一步关注的重点。

The urbanization development pattern is being transformed into quality model from speed model. The land use efficiency in Guanzhong agglomeration is lower than eastern metropolis, considering the undesirable outputs brought by environment negative externality. This paper evaluates the urban land use efficiency of 5 cities in Guanzhong urban agglomeration from 2008 to 2012 by improved DEA model, and reveals the reason of differences in land use efficiency between each city through Tobit regression model. The results show that ： （1） ignoring the undesirable output will lead to overvalue the efficiency of urban land^（2）overall land use efficiency in Guanzhong urban agglomeration remains at a low level, and in most cities there is an excess input or output shortage problem~ （3）the scale of economy, industrial structure, urban maintenance and construction fund proportion are the factors which restrict the urban land use efficiency in Baoji, Xianyang, Weinan, while the environmental pressures caused by population is the factor Xi＇an should focus on.