某铅锌矿采空区处理与卸压开采方案的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of mining scheme disposing abandoned-stope and relieving mining pressure in a certain lead & zinc mine

为了经济、安全地处理某铅锌矿900 m水平以上的采空区并回收矿柱,同时避免深部开采时发生岩爆,提出了急倾斜矿体开采的采空区处理与卸压开采方法,并利用数值模拟软件ANSYS和FLAC^(3D)确定了此方法的施工参数,并对比了两个软件的计算结论.研究表明:ANSYS和FLAC^(3D)得出的结论基本一致;下盘脉外离采空区边缘10 m掘进巷道时,上盘脉外卸压施工巷道离采空区边缘的水平距离不超过20 m;隔断开采的深度不超过20 m;必须从上、下盘脉外巷道同时向采空区围岩实施V型松动爆破;可只在上盘巷道底板进行隔断开采.此采空区处理与卸压开采方法技术合理、经济可行、简便适用;它是一种采空区处理的联合法,适合地表允许岩体移动的急倾斜、厚度大矿体的采空区处理与卸压开采;它能够用工程爆破这一种手段实现采空区处理、应力向有利于安全生产的方向转移等多种目的.

For the sake of safety,and economy in disposition of the abandoned-stope and extract pillar above 900 m level of a lead zinc mine,while avoiding the deep mining rock burst,a new method disposing steep abandoned stope and relieving mining pressure was put forward,and it＇s construction parameters were determined by ANSYS and FLAC^3D to dispose abandoned stope and unload mining stress.At the same time,conclusions calculated by the two softwares were compared.Results showed that ANSYS and FLAC^3D arrived at the same conclusions,and that the horizontal distance must be 20 m from the edge of the forsaken-stope to tunnel outside the hanging side if the horizontal distance is 10 m from the edge of the abandoned stope to tunnel outside the heading side.Moreover,the partition mining depth is not more than 20 m below the floor plate of tunnels.From the tunnel outside hanging side and footwall of the veins to the abandoned stope,v-shaped loosening blasting must be implemented simultaneously in forsaken stope surrounding rock.Furthermore,the partition mining can only been carried out on the tunnel bottom plate in the hanging wall.The new method for disposing the steep abandoned stope relieving mining pressure applied is characteristic of advanced nature,which is surely expected to bring about reasonable economy,confident safety and great economic benefits.Moreover,the new method is a kind of combined method disposing forsaken stope,and it is suitable for steep,big and thickness ore-body to dispose abandoned stope and relief mining pressure when the surface movement and subsidence is allowed.In applying the new method to dispose forsaken stope,the stress of surrounding rock will transfer toward the direction of being advantageous to safety production and other purposes by means of engineering blasting.