检察官办案责任制与检察委员会决策制的冲突与协调

Conflict and Coordination between the Prosecutor's Case Solving Responsibility System and the Decision-making System of the Procuratorial Committee

在新一轮司法体制改革背景下,作为检察权运行机制改革重要举措之一的检察官办案责任制正在各试点单位积极推行。检察官办案责任制最核心的要求是突出检察官在司法办案中的主体地位,其内涵包括检察官既是办案中执行法律的主体,也是办案中承担责任的主体。随着司法进程的加快,检察委员会决策制自身存在的体制缺陷阻碍了功能发挥,尤其在司法改革背景下,其与检察官办案责任制之间的矛盾冲突也逐渐显现,体现在三个方面:一是检察委员会专业化水平不够高与检察官专业化、精英化的要求相矛盾;二是检察委员会权力责任错位与检察官对案件终身负责的要求相背离;三是检察委员会决策制行政化色彩重与检察官办案司法化的要求相排斥。为做好二者之间的衔接与协调,应坚持检察委员会决策制与检察官办案责任制不对立、检察委员会决策制与检察官行使检察权不相悖的原则,具体路径有三:一是重塑检察官与检察长、检察委员会的关系;二是加强和完善检察委员会的工作机制;三是建立完善责任追究机制。

In the new round of judicial reform context, asone of the importantinitiatives ofprosecutorialpoweroperating mechanismreform,the accountability of Prosecutors' handling the case is beingactivelypursued in the pilot units. The core requirements of the accountability of prosecutor's handling the caseis to highlight the dominant position of the prosecutor. That is, it is prosecutor who mainly enforces thelaw, and bears the main responsibility for handling the case. With the acceleration of the judicial process,especially in the context of judicial reform, institutional weaknesses in the system of procuratorialcommittee's decision making hinders the functioning. The conflict between the system ofprocuratorialcommittee'sdecision making and the accountability of Prosecutors' handling the case also graduallybecoming apparent, reflected in three aspects: First, the professional level of procuratorial committee isnot high enough,contradicting the requirement of specialization and elite.Second,they are the dislocation ofprocuratorial committee's power and the responsibility,and the deviation fromthe requirement for theprosecutor's being lifelong responsible for the case; third is the political administration of procuratorialcommittee's decision making, rejecting judicial requirement of prosecutor's handling the case. For thegood cohesion and coordination between the two, we should adhere to the principle: the system ofprocuratorial committee's decision making and the accountability of the prosecutor handling the case arenot opposing, and the system of procuratorial committee's decision making is not contrary to prosecutor'sexercising procuratorial power. There are three specific ways: First, remodeling prosecutors' relationshipwith the Attorney General, and procuratorial committee; second, to strengthen and improve the workingmechanism of the procuratorial committee; third, to establish a sound accountability mechanism.