论棋题与纳博科夫的小说艺术——以《防守》《透明》为例

The Chess Problem and the Narrative Art of Nabokov: Take the Defense and Transparent Things as Examples

纳博科夫将象棋艺术引入小说领域,在创作中借鉴了编制棋题的手法,要求优秀的小说必须具有独特性、创造力、和谐、简洁等多种品质。纳博科夫将小说文本视为一个空间化的场域,小说的节奏、人物的命运能够借助某些关键性的元素暗示、识别,而如何将命运之轨迹空间化地呈现出来,则考验着作家的艺术想象力与技巧。在纳博科夫的小说中,读者能够发现整体情节、人物布局所构成的和谐明晰的命运轨迹所形成的图案。

Nabokov takes the chess art into the field of fiction. The chess problems require excellent distinction, creativity, harmonious, concise and a variety of quality, and so do excellent novels. Nabokov＇s novel text is considered as a space of the field and the fate of the rhythm of the novel, the characters can with some key elements of hints, and how to show the fate of the trajectory space and the test of the writer＇s artistic imagination and skill. In Nabokov＇s novels, the readers can find the pattern of the whole plot and the harmony between the characters and find the clear track of fate.