通风遮光对大棚越夏番茄温光环境及产量、品质的影响

Effect of Ventilation and Shading on the Temperature and Light Environment,Yield and Quality of Tomato in Summer Plastic Greenhouse

以番茄品种"和谐"为试材,研究了通风量(通风口开度分别为100%、75%、50%)和遮光率(遮光率分别为0、50%、75%)2个因素组合处理对青岛地区夏季高温期大棚环境及番茄生长的影响,通过温光环境和番茄生长发育及产量品质的比较,筛选大棚番茄越夏栽培的适宜温光环境调控技术。结果表明:在相同光照条件下,随通风量的增大温度随之降低,番茄果实单果重和总产量增加,但通风处理对番茄品质无显著影响;相同通风条件下,降低遮光率可显著提高番茄果实品质,但适当的遮光更利于番茄总产量的形成。青岛地区越夏茬大棚番茄栽培的最佳温光环境调控技术是覆盖一层遮阳网和风口全开,即遮光率50%,通风口开度100%。

Taking tomato variety of‘Hexie＇as material,the effect of ventilation volume（the vents opening were 100%,75%,50%）and shading rate（shading rate were 0,50%,75%）on plastic greenhouse environment and tomato plant growth were studied in Qingdao summer high temperature period.In order to screen the adjusting technology of tomato over-summer cultivation based on temperature and light environment,tomato plant growth,yield and quality.The results showed that under the same lighting conditions,temperature gradually decreased,and the single fruit weight and total yield of tomato increased with the increasing of ventilation rate in plastic greenhouse.There were not significant influence in quality of tomato fruit among ventilation treatments.Under the same ventilation conditions,tomato quality increased with the decreasing of shading rate in plastic greenhouse.While appropriate shading was more conductive to the formation of tomato total yield.In Qingdao area,covering with a layer of shading net and all vents opening treatment（shading rate50%,opening vent 100%）was the best temperature and light environmental regulation technology of tomato oversummer cultivation in plastic greenhouse.