插秧密度和施氮量对不同穗型水稻灌浆特性的影响

Effects of Transplanting Density and Nitrogen Level on Grain-filling and Yield Characters of Rice with Different Types of Panicles

以穗数型水稻品种牡丹江30、穗重型水稻品种松粳14和中间型水稻品种东农426为试验材料,运用Richards方程进行拟合,研究了插秧密度和施氮量对3种不同穗型水稻灌浆特性和产量性状的影响。结果表明,一定密度和施氮量下,牡丹江30的强势粒灌浆速率随着密度的升高而降低,松粳14和东农426随密度升高先升高后下降;弱势粒灌浆速率与强势粒的趋势一致,低密度下强、弱势粒灌浆趋于同步。适量的增施氮肥有利于提高强、弱势粒灌浆速率。插秧密度和氮肥对单位面积有效穗数的影响较大。牡丹江30在低密度下产量最高,但有效穗数、穗粒数的降低抑制了产量提高。松粳14、东农426分别在高密度和中等密度下产量最高,千粒质量、结实率的降低抑制了2个品种产量的提高。

To study the effects of transplanting density and nitrogen level on grain-filling and yield characters of rice with different types of panicles,the grain-filling processes of Mudanjiang 30（ricepanicle number type）,Songjing 14（rice panicle weight type）and Dongnong 426（ricepanicle intermediate type）were fittedusing Richards equation.The results indicated that in a certain range of transplanting density and nitrogen,the superior grain-filling rate of Mudanjiang 30 was reduced,while those of Songjing 14 and Dongnong 426 increased first and decreased then with the density increasing;Superior grain filling rate was consistent with inferior grains,and the superior and inferior grains tended to be synchronous grouting under the low density.In a certain,increasing the amount of nitrogen helped to improve the grain-filling rates of superior and inferior grains.The impacts of planting density and nitrogen on panicles were greater.In the low density,the yield of Mudanjiang 30 was the highest,but the decreases of the effective panicles and kernel number suppressed the improvement of yield.In high density and medium density,the yields of Songjing 14 and Dongnong 426 were the highest,but the reduction of the effective 1 000-grain weight and seed-setting rate suppressed the improvement of yield.