新疆维吾尔自治区输入性脊髓灰质炎疫情后口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗应急免疫活动的疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Adverse Events Following Immunization during Emergency Immunization Activity against Poliomyelitis in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region after Import Poliomyelitis Epidemic

目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)发生输入性脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)疫情后,口服脊灰减毒活疫苗(Oral Poliomyelitis Attenuated Live Vaccine,OPV)应急免疫活动(Emergency Immunization Activities,EIA)中疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,探讨OPV的安全性。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对AEFI监测系统中的相关数据进行统计分析。结果新疆OPV EIA期间共报告AEFI 442例,报告发生率为10.92/100万剂。其中三价(Trivalent)OPV(t OPV)报告发生率为7.82/100万剂。I型(Type 1)单价(Monovalent)OPV(m OPVI)报告发生率为17.11/100万剂。t OPV与m OPVI均以发热、腹泻等一般反应为主,异常反应罕见,主要为过敏性皮疹。结论 EIA使用的t OPV和m OPVI均安全性良好。

Objective To determine the profile of adverse events following immunization（ AEFI） with oral poliomyelitis attenuated live vaccine（ OPV） during the emergency immunization activity（ EIA） against import poliomyelitis in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region（ Xinjiang）,and to assess the safety of OPV. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of the AEFI surveillance. Results There were442 AEFIS reported during the poliomyelitis EIA in Xinjiang,for an overall reported incidence of 10. 92 per one million doses. The AEFI rates by OPV type were 7. 82 per million trivalent OPV（ t OPV） doses,and 17. 11 per million monovalent（ type 1） OPV（ m OPVI） doses,respectively. Most AEFI were mild,for example fever and diarrhea; serious AEFI were rare,with allergic rash being the most common.Conclusions Trivalent OPV and m OPVI are both safe.