三类传统方剂治疗5-氟尿嘧啶所致大鼠贫血的研究

Experiment of Three Traditional Chinese Prescriptions in Inhibiting 5-fluorouracil-induced Rats Anemia

目的:比较四物汤、四君子汤和八珍汤对贫血(血虚证)大鼠的治疗作用和可能机制,初步探索补血、补气和气血双补方剂对中医血虚证型的疗效差异与作用机制。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、八珍汤组、四物汤组和四君子汤组(2.3,3.0,1.2 g·m L-1),每组8只。除正常组外,其他4组按大鼠体重150 mg·kg-1尾静脉注射5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)造模,观察3种方剂对贫血大鼠的外观体征,脾指数和胸腺指数,血红细胞(RBC),血红蛋白(HGB),血小板(PLT),白细胞(WBC)数量,网织红细胞和骨髓象的影响,并应用RT-PCR技术检测肝肾中促红细胞生成素(EPO)mRNA含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组脾指数和胸腺指数明显降低,RBC,HGB,PLT,WBC数量明显降低(P<0.01),骨髓增殖能力降低,EPO mRNA的表达降低;与模型组比较,八珍汤与四物汤组明显改善贫血大鼠外观、提高脾指数和胸腺指数,升高RBC,HGB,PLT,WBC数量(P<0.05,P<0.01),提高骨髓增殖能力,并上调EPO mRNA的表达。结论:三方中,气血双补方剂(八珍汤)疗效最好,补血方剂(四物汤)疗效优于单纯补气(四君子汤)组,实验结果为补气、补血、气血双补治疗血虚疾病提供了实验依据,一定程度上说明了临床治疗贫血症(血虚证)辨证施治理论的合理性。

Objective： To compare the effects and possible mechanism of Siwu Tong（ SWT）,Sijunzi Tang（ SJZT）,and Bazhen Tang（ BZT） in anemia（ blood deficiency syndrome） rats induced by 5-fluorouracil（ 5-FU） and preliminarily explore the effect difference and action mechanism of blood replenishing prescription,qi tonifying prescription as well as blood and Qi double replenishing prescription. Method： SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,Bazhen Tang group,Siwu Tang group and Sijunzi Tang group（ 2. 3,3. 0,1. 2 g·m L^- 1）,8 rats for each group. Rats in other 4 groups except normal group were modeled by intravenous injection at tail at 150 mg·kg^- 15-FU. Effect of the three prescriptions on appearance of anemia rats,spleen index and thymus index,red blood cells（ RBC）,hemoglobin（ HGB）,platelet（ PLT）,white blood cells（ WBC）count,reticulocyte and myelogram was observed,and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction（ RT-PCR）was applied for determining the expression of EPO mRNA in kidney and liver. Result： Compared with normal group,spleen index and thymus index were significantly reduced in model group,RBC,HGB,PLT,and WBC counts were significantly reduced（ P 〈0. 01）,bone marrow proliferation ability was reduced,and EPO mRNA expression was reduced. Compared with the model group,BZT group and SWT group could significantly improve the appearance of anemia rats,increase spleen index and thymus index,increase RBC,HGB,PLT and WBC counts（ P 〈0. 05,P 〈0. 01）,improve the ability of bone marrow proliferation,and up-regulate EPO mRNA expressions. Conclusion： Blood and Qi double replenishing prescription（ Bazhen Tang） among these three prescriptions has the best curative effect. Blood replenishing prescription（ Siwu Tang） has better effect than Qi tonifying group（ Sijunzi Tang）. The experimental results provide experimental basis for the treatment of blood deficiency diseases by Qi tonifying therapy,blood replenishing therapy as well as blood and Qi double replenishing therapy,illustrating the rationality of dialectical theory in clinical treatment of anemia（ blood deficiency syndrome）to some extent.