抗肿瘤中药对DNA去甲基化作用的研究进展

Research Progress of DNA Demethylation of Anti-tumor Traditional Chinese Medicines

DNA的高甲基化与肿瘤的发生密不可分。逆转肿瘤细胞DNA异常高甲基化、恢复抑癌基因或DNA修复基因的表达成为抗肿瘤新药开发和研究的新热点。相对于化学药物靶点的单一性及耐药性,中药具有全方位、多靶点治疗等优势。但关于中药对DNA去甲基化作用的文献报道有限,且鲜有此方面的综述。本文把相关DNA去甲基化的抗肿瘤中药及中药成分进行了梳理,根据中药功效将其分成清热类、活血化瘀类、祛风除湿类及其他类,叙述这些中药对不同肿瘤的不同靶基因的去甲基化作用,并对其研究前景进行展望。包括癌症在内的许多疾病与DNA的高甲基化有关,开发去甲基化的药物是治疗疾病的一条可行途径。中药的资源丰富,其包含的化学成分更是复杂多样,这为研究开发去甲基化的药物提供了重要的资源。

High methylation of DNA is closely related to occurrence of tumor. Reversing aberrant methylation of DNA of tumor cells,restoring expression of tumor suppressor gene or DNA repair gene become new hot spots in development and research of anti-tumor drugs. Compared to single target point and resistance of chemical drugs,traditional Chinese medicine（ TCM） has advantages of comprehensive and multiple targets for treatment. However,there are few reports on effect of TCM on DNA demethylation. In this paper,anti-tumor TCM and composition in TCM on DNA demethylation are combed. All these TCM were classified into four types based on their efficacy,including heat-clearing,activating blood circulation to remove stasis, anti-rheumatism and others. Demethylation effects of these Chinese herbs on different target genes in different tumors were described,and prospects of this study were also discussed.