浅析“世界三”与卡西尔符号世界的异同——从卡西尔的符号世界看波普尔的“三个世界”理论

Elementary Analysis on the Differences and Similarities between “World Three” and Cassirer's Symbolic World:View Popper's Three World Theory from Cassirer's Symbolic World

本文主要是从四个方面对卡西尔关于文化哲学中的符号世界与波普尔的三个世界思想进行比较:1)从波普尔"世界三"的界定与卡西尔对符号世界的分类,指出他们所确定的这两个世界有相似也有相异之处;2)从"世界三"的本体与卡西尔符号世界的社会人之本入手,指出"世界三"的依据是柏拉图主义;3)从他们二人对思想实验的历史情景设计差异入手,波普尔提出的图书馆实验,暴露了他还残留着笛卡儿二元论的残迹。而卡西尔则设计了一个荒岛经历,指出,人是通过时间——历史来进行记忆,并凭借意义对符号进行整理;4)他们两人对笛卡儿二元论分析的差异,指出波普尔最后陷入了笛卡儿二元论的陷阱,而卡西尔则指出笛卡儿二元论是由于以研究对象而不是以研究方法作为划分科学的界限而造成的;5)最后得出的结论就是:科学活动仅仅是人类文化活动的一个组成部分。

This thesis compares Popper＇s Three World theory with Cassirer＇s cultural philosophic symbolic world from four aspects： 1） Starting from the definition of World 3 of Popper and classification of Cassirer＇s symbolic world, the study holds that the two worlds which they had determined had both similarities and differences. 2） Starting from ontology of the World 3 and ontology of the social ＂human being＂ of Cassirer, the study points out that the basis of World 3 was Platonism. 3） Starting from the difference of their designs between history situations of thought experiments, the library experiment of Popper exposed that he had residues of Cartesian dualism. Cassirer designed an adventure on a deserted island and he pointed out that human beings memories were put in order by the time--history and organized symbols by their significance. 4） By their analytical differences about Cartesian dualism, the thesis points out that Popper trapped into Cartesian dualism, while Cassirer pointed out that the contradiction of Cartesian dualism came from the confirmation of science boundary just by research object instead of by research method. 5） The author concludes that scientific activity is just a part of human being cultural life.