焦点技术观是本质主义技术观吗?

Is Focaltechnics a Kind of Substantive View of Technology?

美国技术哲学家阿尔伯特·鲍尔格曼在其代表作《技术与当代生活的特征:一种哲学的追问》中,将现有的技术观归纳为本质主义技术观、工具主义技术观和技术多元论,并提出了以"设备范式"、"焦点物"和"焦点实践"为核心的焦点技术观。美国南伊利诺伊大学卡本代尔分校的拉里·希克曼则认为鲍尔格曼的焦点技术观实质上是一种本质主义技术观,并对其进行了批判。本文将阐明焦点技术观并不是传统意义上的本质主义技术观,而是对本质主义技术观的吸收和超越。这种超越使得对技术的改革和合理应用成为可能。

In the book Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life： A Philosophy lnquiry, Albert Borgmann, the American philosopher of technology, classifies the existing views of technology into three types： the substantive, the instrumentalist, and the pluralist views of technology. He puts forward the focaltechnics which takes device paradigm, focal things and focal practices as centers. Larry Hickman criticizes that Borgmann＇s focal view of technology is essentially the substantive one. This paper intends to elucidate that Borgmann＇s view of technology is not the traditional substantive one, but a kind of absorption and transcendence of the substantive view of technology, which makes the reform and rational apply of technology possible.