江苏省某地农村集中式供水隐孢子虫污染与儿童感染现状研究

Cryptosporidium Contamination in Rural Water Supplies and Cryptosporidium Infestation among Children in Jiangsu Province

目的了解江苏省某地农村集中式供水隐孢子虫污染与儿童感染现状,探讨可能的传播途径及影响因素。方法对调查地区集中式供水设施进行卫生学调查,按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》（GB/T5750–2006）检测24份水源水和出厂水中隐孢子虫卵囊含量。采取整群抽样方法调查供水地区1 651名儿童,通过问卷调查了解儿童一般人口学资料、生活习惯和环境卫生情况等,采集儿童粪便,用金胺酚─改良抗酸染色法检查隐孢子虫卵囊。结果水源水及出厂水水样中均未检出隐孢子虫卵囊,儿童粪便中隐孢子虫卵囊阳性率为1.09%,感染率幼儿园儿童大于小学生（1~3年级）,儿童感染者多无自觉症状,未发现与感染有关的影响因素。结论该地农村儿童存在隐孢子虫感染,需要进一步对可能的感染途径和影响因素进行研究。

Objectives To investigate the cryptosporidium contamination in rural water supplies and cryptosporidium infestation among children in Jiangsu province,and to explore possible routes of transmission and influencing factors. Methods A Filta-Max Xprss method was used for detecting cryptosporidium oocysts in source water and drinking water. Cryptosporidium oocysts in the stool samples of 1 651 children were detected by using an auramine phenol-modified acid-fast staining method. Results Cryptosporidium oocysts were not detected in water samples. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 18 of 1 651 children examined,and the cryptosporidium infestation rate was 1. 09%. Most of infected children had no any symptom. Possible factors related to the infestation have not been found in this study. Conclusions Cryptosporidium infestation was found in this region. Possible routes of transmission and risk factors should be studied in the future.