应用综合指数法评价昌平区生活饮用水水质

Evaluation on Drinking Water Quality in Changping District by Using a Water Quality Index Method

目的采用综合指数法评价昌平区生活饮用水水质状况。方法选取2014年共112份枯、丰水期生活饮水的监测数据,应用综合指数法(water quality index,WQI)和五色等级分级法对检测结果进行综合评价和分级。结果市级水厂、区级水厂、自建水厂水质综合指数均值均小于0.50,优于村级水厂(0.99)。枯水期供水(0.65)略优于丰水期供水(0.78)。有卫生许可供水(0.51)优于无卫生许可供水(1.12)。正常消毒供水(0.50)优于不正常消毒供水(0.98)。主要超标项目为总大肠菌群、硝酸盐氮(以N计)、大肠埃希菌,合格率分别为80.3%、95.5%、97.3%。结论昌平区生活饮用水水质差别较大,村级水厂存在的问题突出,供水单位应加强供水卫生管理,改进水处理技术。

Objective To evaluate the quality of drinking water in Changping by using a water quality index method. Methods One hundred and twelve drinking water samples were collected both in dry and rainy season in 2014 from the water quality monitoring system in Changping. The data were evaluated by using water quality index （WQI） and five-color classification method. Results The average WQI values of drinking water samples collected from municipal, district and self-built waterworks were all lower than 0. 50, which were better than those from rural waterworks （0.99）. The quality of water samples collected during dry season （0.65） was slightly better than those collected in rainy season （0. 78）. The water quality of samples collected from the waterworks which had hygienic license （0.51） was superior to the waterworks which not had hygienic license （1.12）. The quality of water sam- ples treated by effective disinfection （0.50） was superior to those not treated by effective disinfection （0. 98 ）. The main unqualified indicators were total coliforms, nitrate, Escherichia coli, and the qualified rates were 80. 3% , 95.5% and 97.3% , respectively. Conclusions The quality of drinking water was diverse in Changping district, the quality of drinking water from rural waterworks was unsatisfied. More emphasis should be put on the sanitary su- pervision of water quality, and water treatment technology should be improved.