2013年医院感染横断面调查结果与分析

Cross-sectional survey of prevalence of healthcare-associated infections in 2013

目的了解医院感染现状,建立医院感染指标的参照体系,指导医院感染预防控制工作。方法 2013年9月采用横断面调查方法对天津市66所医院住院患者进行医院感染和抗菌药物使用的调查和分析,数据采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果应调查29 524例,实查29 513例,实查率为99.96%;医院感染996例、1 106例次,感染率3.37%、例次感染率3.75%;共分离出医院感染病原菌858株,以革兰阴性菌为主占69.46%;抗菌药物使用率为25.12%;其中治疗抗菌药物使用率为79.04%。结论综合ICU、血液病科和神经外科是医院感染发生率高的科室,应作为预防控制的重点科室;医院感染部位以下呼吸道感染和泌尿系感染为主,应针对性调查薄弱环节,采取相应措施,减少医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections （HAI） and establish the reference system of HAI indicators so as to provide guidance for control of the HAI. METHODS In Sep 2013, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of HAI and use of antibiotics of the patients who were hospitalized in 66 hospitals of Tianjin, and the statistical analysis of data was performed with the use of SPSS 17.0 software. RESULTS Totally 29 524 patients were expected to survey, and 29 513 patients were actually in- vestigated with the actual investigation rate of 99.96%. A total of 996 （1 106 case-times） cases had HAI with the infection rate of 3.37% （ the case-time infection rate 3.75%）. Totally 858 strains of pathogens causing the HAI were isolated, of which 69.46M were gram-negative bacteria. The utilization rate of antibiotics was 25.12%, and the utilization rate of therapeutic antibiotics was 79.04%. CONCLUSION The incidence of HAI is high in the gen- eral ICU, department of hematology, and department of neurosurgery, which should be paid high attention to. The lower respiratory tract and urinary tract are the major infection sites, It is necessary to conduct the targeted survey of weak links and take corresponding measures so as to reduce the incidence of HAI.