梁启超与“中国文学”概念的现代发生

Liang Qichao and the Generation of the Concept of Chinese Literature

梁启超从"中国小说"到"中国文学"概念的提出,是他塑造以"国民"为主体的民族主义意识形态的重要方式,开启中国现代"国民文学"的先河,是中国文学现代性的重要标志。其中,"中国小说"以一种强烈的断裂性,宣布一种以"国民"为主体的文学内涵的产生,"新小说"与"新国民"的同构关系正是"中国小说"的现代内涵的政治隐喻;与之相比,"中国文学"则试图以进化论的逻辑为想象中的"中国小说"的崭新局面寻找历史的依据,建构一种小说总体性视野下的"中国文学"传统,尤其重视"精心结构"的艺术荣誉与"民族主义"的自觉意识对于"中国文学"的中国性与文学性的意义。从这一意义上,梁启超"中国文学"的概念提出,已经具备了"文学性"与"国族性"的双重内涵。梁启超是"中国文学"现代意义的创造者。

The arise of the concept Chinese Literature from Chinese Novel is an important way for Liang Qichao to shape the nationalist ideology,which opens China Modern national literature's precedent and becomes an important symbol of chinese literature modernity. With a strong fracture,Chinese Novel announces the generation of a kind of literature with national as its subject. The isomorphic relationship between New Novel and New National is the political metaphor of the modern connotation of Chinese Novel. By contrast,Chinese Literature is trying to find historical basis for the imaging Chinese Novel's new situation with the evolutionary logic,constructing the Chinese Literature traditional in the totality perspective of fiction. In this sense,Liang is the creator of Chinese Literature in the modern sense.