德国应用技术大学“双元制”模式研究与启示——以德国代根多夫应用技术大学为例

Dual-training system of German universities of applied sciences / technologies and its enlightenments to fostering applied professionals in China:Taking Technische Hochschule Deggendorf as an example

德国应用技术大学是一类以培养应用型人才为目标的高校,这类高校既属于高等教育范畴,又传承了职业教育办学传统,"双元制"模式在其办学中得到延续和发展。"双元制"模式具有直接面向区域服务企业等特征,对培养企业急需的应用型人才起到了重要作用。目前我国部分地方本科高校正面临转型,培养大批适应区域经济建设和行业企业需要的应用型人才是其重要任务。文章以德国代根多夫应用技术大学为例,在分析"双元制"及其主要特点的基础上,对由其引申的办学定位、产教融合、培养模式及政府、行会、企业等多方发力培养应用型人才的思路进行了梳理和思考。

German technical universities are universities of applied sciences/technologies targeted at training applied professionals,which belong to higher education systems and also inherit the educa-tional tradition of vocational education.Dual-training systems still function and develop in the uni-versities.The system is directly orientated towards the locality and serve the enterprises,which plays a significant role in training applied professionals who are in great/urgent demand.Presently some of the Chinese local universities are under educational system transformation,the goal of which is to de-velop a large number of applied professionals who can meet the demand of local economical construc-tion and enterprise developments.With an analysis of the dual training system and its main features, the educational positioning,the integration of the enterprises and the universities,the innovation of training modes and the combined work of the local government,field associations,enterprises and the universities involved in the dual training system are discussed to contribute to the educational transformation of the Chinese local universities.