老年科患者2013~2014年感染病原菌及耐药性分析

Analysis on infection pathogens and drug resistance of patients in the department of geriatrics from 2013 to 2014

目的了解老年科患者感染病原菌及耐药情况,以指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法回顾性分析该院2013~2014年1 563例老年患者的临床标本送检资料。结果共检出非重复病原菌591株,阳性率为37.8%,主要分离自痰液标本,共299株（50.6%）,其次为尿液171株（28.9%）、分泌物75株（12.7%）、血液15株（2.5%）;分离病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主（72.60%）,又以铜绿假单胞菌居多。鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌及金黄色葡萄球菌对多种抗菌药物的耐药率较高,共检出多重耐药菌54株,占全院的56.3%。结论该院老年患者病原菌感染以革兰阴性菌为主,病原菌对多种抗菌药物的耐药率较高,多重耐药较严重,应根据药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物。

Objective To investigate infection pathogens and drug resistance of patients in the department of geriatrics,so as to guide the rational use of antibacterial agents.Methods Retrospectively analysed data on clinical specimens of 1 563 cases of elderly patients from 2014 to 2013.Results A total of 591non-repeated strains was isolated and the positive rate was 37.8%.Strains mostly were isolated from sputum specimens（299 strains,accounted for 50.6%）,followed by urine specimens（171 strains,accounted for 28.9%）,secretion specimens（75 strains,accounted for 12.7%）and blood specimens（15 strains,accounted for 2.5%）.The isolated pathogenic bacteria mainly were gram-negative bacteria（72.60%）,which mostly were Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Acinetobacter baumannii,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus has relatively high resistance rates against most of antibacterial agent.A total of 54 strains of multi-drug resistant bacteria were isolated,which was accounted for 56.3%.Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria in the elderly patients mainly are gram-negative bacteria,pathogens have high resistance rates to antimicrobial agents,and the multi-drug resistance is serious,so it is necessary to use antibacterial agents rationally based on the results of drug susceptibility tests.