饲粮蛋白质水平对长×沙杂种猪生长性能、胴体性状及肉质的影响

Effects of Different Protein Level of Diets on Growth Performance and Carcass Performance and Meat Quality of Landrace×Shaziling Pig

为研究不同蛋白质水平对长白×沙子岭二元杂种猪生长性能、胴体性状及肉质的影响,选择体重25 kg左右的长×沙二元杂种猪60头,随机分成3组,每组20头,分别饲喂高、中、低3种蛋白质水平饲粮,进行为期122 d的饲养试验,试验结束后每组选择4头体重接近于该组平均体重的肥育猪进行屠宰测定。结果表明,日增重,高蛋白质组分别比中、低蛋白质组提高10.92%(P<0.05)和19.82%(P<0.01)。料重比,高蛋白质组比中、低蛋白质组分别低2.92%和6.21%。屠宰率,高蛋白质组比中、低蛋白质组分别提高2.87%(P<0.05)和4.58%(P<0.01)。瘦肉率,高蛋白质组最高,与中、低蛋白质组差异显著(P<0.05)。脂率,高蛋白质组最低,与中、低蛋白质组差异显著(P<0.05)。高蛋白质组失水率最低,与中、低蛋白质组差异极显著(P<0.01)。高蛋白质组贮存损失最小,与中、低蛋白质组差异极显著(P<0.01)。3组肉色、p H、失水率、熟肉率、贮存损失、嫩度等各项肉质指标都在正常范围内。基于以上试验结果,建议长×沙二元杂种生长肥育猪饲粮前期和后期的粗蛋白水平分别为16.44%和14.30%为宜。

For study the effects of different protein level of diets on growth performance,carcass performance and meat quality of Landrace×Shaziling pig,sixty LandracexShaziling pigs with body weight of about 25 kg were randomly divided into three experimental groups and fed with three different （high,medium,and low protein levels） diets respectively for 122 days.Four pigs selected from each group slaughtered for analysis the follows items,and the body weight was no significantly differences with the average body weight of each group.The results showed that high protein diet significantly increased daily weight gain compered to middle and low protein groups with 10.92%（P〈0.05） and 19.82%（P〈0.01）,respectively.The ratio of feed to weight gain was lower in high protein group compered to middle 2.92% and low protein groups 6.21%.High protein level significantly enhanced the slaughter rate and lean meat percentage and lowered the fat ratio compared to middle and low protein groups with 2.87%（P〈0.05） and 4.58%（P〈0.01）, respectively.In addition,the results showed that all the quality index of three groups were in the normal range,including color matter,pH value,dehydrahon rate,cooking loss,storage loss,and tenderness.The filtration rate in high nutritional group was much lower than that in the middle and low groups（P〈0.01）.Meanwhile,the high protein level group exhibited a lower storage loss than middle and low groups （P〈0.01）. Thus,these results showed that the percentage of crude protein in diets of earlier and later stages were 16.44% and 14.30% ,respectively.