美国对《服务贸易协定》谈判的主导权分析

America's Dominance of Negotiations on TISA

美国对TISA涉及议题所持的立场及产生的影响是关键和主导性的。美国提出了相对于GATS而言"新的和强化的纪律",特别是针对国有企业、数据自由流动等所谓"21世纪新议题"相关的规则;力推负面清单和贯彻延伸最惠国待遇,作出"高雄心水平"的市场准入承诺;一方面声称认同TISA多边化目标,另一方面却实际上排斥中国等新兴经济体的加入,这显然不利于多边化目标的实现。

Since April 2013, the ＂Really Good Friends of Services＂ （RGFS） group formally have been en- gaged in negotiations of＂Trade in Services Agreement＂ （TISA） . During the process of negotiations, the Unit- ed States plays a leading role, which comes from the scale and advantages of trade in services, also embodied in the negotiation process, new and enhanced disciplines, high level of ambition market access commitments and the alternative forms of TISA. When China applied to join the negotiations, other RGF members welcomed, then the United States still ＂entangled＂ . TISA once reached, it will have a essential impact on achieving high stand- ard of trade and investment rules, promoting the development of economic growth and employment in TISA par-ticipants.