当前语用翻译研究的问题与对策——语用学介入翻译研究的再思考

Issues and Strategies of Current Pragmatic Translation Studies:Rethinking of Pragmatic Approach to Translation Studies

近三十年来,语用翻译研究经历了初步发展期、繁荣发展期和稳定发展期三个阶段。就研究课题来看,语用翻译研究在研究内容、研究思路、研究方法、创新性等方面都体现出一定的系统性特征,并且目前至少有50项研究项目获得立项资助。就研究内容来看,基于"语用学分相论"的研究、基于关联理论的研究和基于顺应理论的研究成为三大特色。翻译作为一种语言行为有自身的特殊性,包括思想上异化和语言上归化两个方面,在本质上来讲不是简单的顺应,因为翻译在引入他者时必然挑战自我。基于此,在应用语用学理论探讨翻译问题时,有些地方还需要进一步思考。

With the development of pragmatics studies,the pragmatic approach to translationstudies continues to move forward.In the past thirty years,pragmatic translation studies have gone through three periods：initial development period,prosperity and stability of the development period.In terms of its research projects,they manifest themselves in systematical features of research contents,research ideas,research methods and creativities.So far,there are 50 pragmatic translation studies projects funded by research institutes.In terms of its research contents,micro-pragmaticsbased studies,relevance-based studies and adaptation-based studies are its main features.However,the research premises,hypotheses,and conditions of pragmatics are different from those of literary translation.Translation has its own characteristics,including the thinking foreignization and language adaptation.In essence,translation is a kind of challenge to oneself while introducing others,which is not simple adaptation.Thus,certain elements should be taken into consideration while applying pragmatic theories into translation studies.