超声振动承载气膜对电机转子悬浮支承与减摩的研究

Study on Suspension Support and Friction Reduction of Motor Rotor by Ultrasonic Vibration Bearing Gas Film

设计一种用于支承电机转子的超声波悬浮轴承,该轴承由圆锥形压电换能器辐射端面与连接在电机转子端的圆锥环构成。压电换能器在振动过程中在轴承间隙形成稳定的承载气膜,对电机转子悬浮。对承载气膜产生的承载能力进行分析和测试,获得悬浮力与悬浮间隙之间的关系,从理论上分析在超声悬浮支承条件下,悬浮间隙变化与气膜刚度对电机转速的影响,对转子最高转速与悬浮间隙的关系进行实验研究。结果表明,利用压电换能器圆锥辐射面与圆锥环构造的超声波悬浮轴承,能够形成对电机转子的轴向和径向支承;通过减小悬浮间隙,能够增强间隙气膜的刚度,并提高转子的最高转速,轴承间无摩擦。

An ultrasonic suspension bearing for supporting the rotor of motor was designed.This bearing is composed of the radiating end surface of a conical piezoelectric transducer and a conical ring connected at the end surface of the motor rotor. A stable bearing gas film can be formed in the bearing clearance to suspend the motor rotor during the vibration process of the piezoelectric transducer.Through the analysis and test of the bearing capacity, the relationship between the suspension force and the suspension gap was obtained, and the influence of the change of suspension gap and gas film stiff- ness on the speed of motor was analyzed in theory.Experimental study of the relationship between the maximum rotor speed and the suspension gap was carried out.The experimental results show that the ultrasonic suspension bearing formed by u- sing the conical radiating surface of the piezoelectric transducer and the conical ring can realize the axial and radial bearing of the motor rotor.The stiffness of the gas film in the bearing gap can be enhanced by reducing the suspension gap, the max- imum speed of the rotor can be improved, and there is no friction between bearings.