莆田市政区地名特征研究

Research on Characteristics of Place Names of Administrative Regions in Putian City

运用空间分析、数理统计方法对莆田市政区地名命名依据与地域特征进行分析,以期传承与保护优秀传统文化。研究结果发现:(1)莆田市历史政区地名折射出传统的农耕文化色彩,反映尊贤尚教、追求功名、期盼安定的社会文化心理,但人文事象类历史政区地名逐渐被自然实体类替代;(2)现存政区地名命名可归纳为以自然实体、方位、移民姓氏、地方特色和重名为依据;(3)重名地名源于自然环境的相近性、农耕社会的滞固性,其构词形式为:方位词+自然实体/姓氏/人类活动场所;(4)特色地名源于莆田独特的科举、方言、宗教和水利工程。针对重名严重、新增地名文化内涵不足等问题,提出强化地名标准化、重视地名文化内涵挖掘、保护历史地名等对策。

By applying GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics, this paper analyzed the place names （archaic and now） of administrative regions in Putian City, including naming basis and regional character, in order to inherit her excellent cultural tradition. The historical names of administrative regions contain rich political indoctrination, seeking success in imperial exams, sage-respecting and education-encouragement, place names originate in humane phenomena are took place by natural entity as time goes; The naming basis can be divided into five categories-natural entity, humane phenomena, orientation, immigration surnames, regional unique character and duplicate name ; the quantitative analysis of ＂hill＂ and ＂water＂ place names make it found that, ＂hill＂ place names distribute widely, but focus on the place at an altitude below 100 meter, more than 80% ＂water＂place names are close to river within 1 km ; The similarity of natural environment and relative station of farming society leads to the emergence of many duplicate place names. The main forms of duplicate name show as ： orientation words plus natu- ral entity or immigration surnames or places occupied by human activities; Place names marked by regional characteristic are mainly originated in unique social atmosphere of imperial exams, dialect, religion and water conservancy project; There are some disappointed phenomena existing in these place names, such as, a large number of duplicate names still be used, the place names introduced newly trend to be lack of cultural connotation and so on. Lastly, the authors came up with some suggestion, such as strengthening standardization of place names, attaching importance to mine the cultural connotation of historical place names and protecting them well.