自然保护区旅游生态健康评价指标与评价模型——以黑龙江省白头鹤自然保护区为例

Assessment on Tourism Ecological Health of the Nature Reserve——A Case Study of Xinqing Hooded Crane Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province

以黑龙江省新青白头鹤自然保护区为例,基于"压力-状态-响应"框架,建立了自然保护区旅游生态健康评价指标体系,使用最小二乘法模型计算了评价指标权重,构建了评价指标综合的线性加权函数模型,并通过评价指标的测度和调查,计算出了案例地旅游生态健康评价分值。研究表明:新青白头鹤自然保护区旅游生态健康指数为7.600分,处于健康水平;建议从构建旅游生态健康目标管理机制,实施旅游环境审计制度,完善旅游生态监测和预警体系,构建旅游生态补偿机制,鼓励旅游社区参与旅游生态环境保护等方面对案例地旅游生态健康进行有效管理。

This paper has taken Xinqing Hooded Crane Nature Reserve as an example,established the evaluation index system of tourism ecological health with pressure-state-response framework model,calculated the weights of evaluation indexes by least square method. Comprehensive evaluation method is adopted to obtain the evaluation results of nature reserve tourism ecological health by indexes measurement and investigation. The research results show that： the tourism ecological health index of Xinqing Hooded Crane Natue Reserve is 7. 600,which is a health grade; In view of this,the following measure should be adopted to strengthen management which include building tourism ecological health target management mechanism,implementing of tourism environmental audit system,perfecting the tourism ecological monitoring and early warning system,building tourism ecological compensation mechanism,and encouraging tourism community participation in tourism environmental protection.