复合微生态制剂和中草药对母猪繁殖性能、粪便菌群数量及哺乳仔猪生长性能的影响

Effects of compound probiotics and Chinese medicinal herbal additives on reproductive performance,fecal microbes of sows and growth performance of piglets

为研究饲料中添加复合微生态制剂和中草药对泌乳母猪繁殖性能、粪便菌群数量及哺乳仔猪生长性能的影响,本试验选择相同胎次、妊娠后期(105 d左右)的莱芜黑猪90头,采用单因素随机分组设计,分成3组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头母猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮+1.0‰复合微生态制剂+0.7‰中草药,试验Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+0.7‰中草药。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,添加复合微生态制剂和中草药,仔猪活仔率和仔猪育成率分别提高8.57%和6.75%;断奶重和平均日增重分别提高了14.01%和25.73%(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组腹泻率较对照组降低24.62%(P<0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组泌乳力最高,高出38.04%(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组料乳比最低,低于对照组18.81%(P>0.05);乳汁中乳脂、非脂和乳蛋白含量的影响不显著(P>0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,14 d乳汁中Ig M试验Ⅰ组最高,分别高出对照组和试验Ⅱ组23.28%和31.16%(P>0.05);7 d和14 d时乳汁中Ig G均以试验Ⅰ组最高,分别高出对照组25.49%和35.54%(P>0.05)。(4)与对照组相比,复合微生态制剂的使用提高了母猪粪便中乳酸杆菌的数量,降低了大肠杆菌数量,分别提高和降低了6.63%和4.71%(P<0.05)。综合考虑,1.0‰复合微生态制剂+0.7‰中草药添加组在提高仔猪生产性能,降低仔猪腹泻率,提高母猪泌乳力,降低料乳比,提高母猪粪便中乳酸杆菌数量、降低大肠杆菌数量等方面效果均优于0.7‰中草药添加组。

In this experiment,the effects of the probiotics and Chinese medicinal herb on reproductive performance, fecal microbes of lactating sows and growth performance of piglets were studied.A total of 90 late gestation （105 d）sows with the same parity were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates of 10 each.The control group was fed with basal diet.The experiment group I was fed with basal diets added 1.0%o probiotics and 0.7‰Chinese medicinal herb.The experiment group Ⅱ was fed with basal diets added 0.7‰ Chinese medicinal herb only.The results showed that： （1） Adding compound probiotics and herbal could increase the rate of piglets born alive and piglet rearing rates by 8.57% and 6.75% ,respectively （P 〉 0.05）;compared with the control group,the weaning weight and the average daily gain in group I were significantly increased by 14.01% and 25.73%（P 〈 0.05）; diarrhea rate of group I was significantly decreased by 24.62% （P 〈 0.05）. （2）Compared with the control group,lactation force in group I was the highest,higher above 38.04%（P 〈 0.05）;but there was no significant effect on milk ingredients. （3）Compared with the control group,at 14 days of lactation,the IgM in group I was 23.28% and 31.16% higher than that in the control group and group Ⅱ （P 〉 0.05）,at 7 days and 14 days of lactation,the IgG in group I were 25.49% and 35.54% higher than that in the control group （P 〉 0.05）; （4）Compared with the control group,adding probiotics could significantly increase the number of fecal Lacto- bacillus and reduce the number of Escherichia coli （P 〈 0.05）.In conclusion,in 1.0%oprobiotics and 0.7‰ Chinese medicinal herb added group, the effect of improving the growth performance, diarrhea rates of piglets and sow lactation, increasing the number of fecal Lactobacillus and reducing the number of Escherichia coli in fecal of lactating sows was better than those of 0.7‰ Chinese medicinal herb added group.