高血压病的辨证施膳

Dietetic therapy for hypertension based on syndrome differentiation

目的:系统分析目前我国中医食疗干预高血压病的特点,为我国高血压病患者食疗干预提供参考建议。方法:计算机检索CBM、Wanfang Data、CNKI、VIP等数据库,检索时间从各库建库起至2014年10月31日。按纳入与排除标准选择文献和提取数据,采用描述性分析方法系统评价文献的基本信息、高血压病的辨证施膳特点。结果:初检文献1 342篇,最终纳入高血压病辨证施膳文献89篇。1针对高血压病的食疗方主要有16种证型:实证:风痰证、血瘀证、痰瘀互结证、痰热内扰证、肝火炽盛证、肝阳上亢证、肝风内动证、心火炽盛证;虚证:气血两虚证、气阴两虚证、阴阳两虚证、肾阳虚证、肝肾阴虚证;虚实夹杂证:阴虚阳亢证、气虚血瘀证、脾虚痰湿证;2高血压病食材原料的分类有12种:清热解毒类、祛风除湿类、开胃消食类、利水消肿类、祛痰止咳类、活血化瘀止血类、平肝熄风类、益气健脾类、补血养营类、滋阴生津类、补阳强壮类、滋补肝肾类等;3食材形态分类有5种:菜肴类、粥食类、糖点类、饮料类、其他类。结论:高血压病证型较多,中医食疗需根据具体因素进行辨证论治。

Objective： To systematically review the characteristics of the current system of therapeutic diet intervention to hypertensive disease in China and provide some suggestions about diet for Chinese patients with hypertension. Methods： The documents from inception to December 31, 2014 were electronically retrieved from the databases, such as CBM, Wanfang Data, CNKI and VIP. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, some documents were selected to extract the data. Then, the basic information of these documents and the characteristics of diet therapy for hypertension based on syndrome differentiation were systematically evaluated by means of descriptive analysis. Results： A total of 1 342 documents were retrieved, eighty-nine of which were finally included. ①There were 16 main syndrome types for the dietetic therapy for hypertensive disease： excess syndrome types： syndrome of wind-phlegm, syndrome of blood stasis, syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis binding together, syndrome of interior disturbance of phlegm-heat, syndrome of exuberance of liver-i re, syndrome of upper hyperactivity of liver yang, syndrome of liver wind stirring up internally, syndrome of exuberance of heart fire; deficiency syndrome types： syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood, syndrome of deficiency of both qi and yin, syndrome of deficiency of both yin and yang, syndrome of deficiency of kidney yang, syndrome of yin deficiency of liver and kidney; syndrome types of intermingled deficiency and excess： syndrome of hyperactivity of yang due to yin deficiency, syndrome of blood stasis due to qi deficiency, syndrome of phlegm-dampness due to spleen deficiency. ②There were 12 kinds of raw food materials for treating hypertensive disease： formula of clearing heat and removing toxicity, formula of dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, formula of promoting digestion, formula of inducing diuresis for removing edema, formula of resolving phlegm to relieve cough, formula of promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis to hemostasis, formula of calming the liver to stop the wind, formula of replenishing qi to invigorate the spleen, formula of enriching the ying blood, formula of nourishing yin to calm the wind, formula of invigorating the yang, formula of nourishing liver and kidney. 3There are 5 main forms of raw food materials for treating hypertensive disease： cooked food, porridge, canape, beverage. Conclusion： There are so many syndrome types of the hypertensive disease, so the dietetic therapy should be of ered by using treatment based on syndrome differentiation according to the specific factors.