不同类汉语因果复句通达的反应时研究

On the Processing of Different Types of Causals in Mandarin Chinese

本文采用句子加工反应时范式考察汉语因果复句的通达,探讨不同类型的因果复句,即逻辑因果句、有标识语的实据因果句和无标识语的实据因果句所表达的因果关系通达的反应时的差异。结果显示,3类因果句加工的平均反应时存在差异,逻辑因果句和有标识语的实据因果句的通达显著快于无标识语的实据因果句的通达,逻辑因果句与有标识语的实据因果句的通达之间的差异不显著。本研究结果与已有因果复句的反应时研究结论基本一致,并初步验证了廖巧云(2011)关于因果句识解过程的思辨性结论:因果复句分类的合理性;不同类因果复句的识解过程存在差异;不同熟悉度和不同认可度的因果复句通达具有显著差异,实据标识语的加入有助于因果关系的建立,缩短了实据因果句的识解进程;因果复句通达反映了信息加工中的格式塔效应。

This study explores the difference of time needed in processing different types of causals,i. e. logical causals,marked evidential causals and unmarked evidential causals. Based on the results of the experiment,three important points can be made. Firstly,there are differences between the average time for processing those three types of causals. Further statistical analysis shows that the delivery of logical causals and marked evidential causals is significantly faster than that of unmarked evidential causals,and that the difference between the delivery of logical causals and that of marked evidential causals is not significant. Secondly,concerning the time involved in processing causals,the results of the experiment are almost consistent with previous studies. Thirdly,the results of the experiment support the hypothesis about causal construal proposed in Liao Qiaoyun( 2011). The study demonstrates the validity of causal classification put forward by Liao,and manifests that the construal of different causals is different,that causals of different familiarity and recognition are delivered significantly differently,that markers integrated into evidential causals highlight causal relations and shorten their construal time,and that the delivery features of causals reflect the Gestalt effect in information processing.