吸烟对男性精液质量、精子DNA完整性及Chk1基因表达的影响

Effects of smoking on semen quality,sperm DNA integrity and expression of Chk1

目的探讨吸烟对男性精液质量、精子DNA完整性Chk1基因表达的影响。方法将1 128例研究对象分为不吸烟组及吸烟组,且依据每日吸烟支数将吸烟组划分为轻度吸烟组、中度吸烟组、重度吸烟组,依据吸烟年限将吸烟组划分为:短烟龄组、中烟龄组、长烟龄组。对各组患者行精液常规参数、精子形态、精子DNA完整性及精子Chk1基因mRNA相对表达量检测。同时就精子DNA完整性及精子Chk1基因mRNA相对表达量与精液常规参数的相关性进行分析。结果(1)吸烟组与不吸烟组总体比较:吸烟组前向运动精子率及DNA双链精子百分率较不吸烟组显著下降(P<0.05)。(2)不同烟量的影响:轻度、中度及重度吸烟组与不吸烟组相比,前向运动精子均显著下降(P<0.05),且重度吸烟组头部精子缺陷率较不吸烟组显著增高(P<0.05)。(3)不同烟龄的影响:长烟龄组精液量、浓度、总数及前向运动精子率较不吸烟组均下降显著(P<0.05),中烟龄组较不吸烟组,仅前向运动精子率显著下降(P<0.05)。长烟龄组头部精子缺陷率较不吸烟组显著增高(P<0.05)。(4)相关性分析:精子DNA损伤程度与男性精液浓度及前向运动精子率间存在相关性(P<0.05)。吸烟组患者较不吸烟组患者Chk1基因mRNA相对表达量降低(P<0.05),且精子Chk1基因mRNA表达水平与男性精液浓度及前向运动精子率间存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论吸烟可引起男性精液质量下降,且随着吸烟时间的延长及日吸烟量的增加,精液质量下降更为显著。而且,吸烟引发的精液质量下降不仅与精子DNA完整性存在一定的相关性,同时与DNA损伤修复相关基因Chk1下调相关。

Objective： To investigate the effects of smoking on semen quality,sperm DNA integrity and expression of Chk1.Methods：A total of 1 128 male patients were divided into smoking and non-smoking group.The patients in smoking group were sub-divided into the three subgroups according to the amount of cigarettes smoked per day（mild,moderate,and heavy smoking group）and another three subgroups according to duration of smoking（short,middle,and long-term smoking group）.Then semen parameters,sperm morphology,sperm DNA integrity and expression of Chk1 mRNA were detected.The correlation of between semen parameters and sperm DNA integrity expression of Chk1 mRNA was analyzed.Results：The progressive motility in smoking group was significantly decreased than that in nonsmoking group（P〈0.05）.The progressive motility was gradually significantly decreased in the patients in the mild,moderate,and heavy smoking group（P〈0.05）.The semen amount,sperm concentration,total number and progressive motility were significantly decreased and the malformation rate of sperm head were significantly increased in long-term smoking group than those in non-smoking group（P〈0.05）.However,only progressive motility in middle-term smoking group was significantly decreased than that in non-smoking group（P〈0.05）.Sperm DNA integrity rate in non-smoking group was significantly higher than that in smoking group（P〈0.05）.The expression of Chk1 mRNA in smoking group was significantly decreased than that in non-smoking group（P〈0.05）.There was a positive correlation between the expression of Chk1 mRNA and sperm concentration,as well as progressive motility（P〈0.05）.Conclusions：Smoking can decrease semen quality.Semen quality gets gradually worse along with increase of amount of cigarettes smoked per day.There is a relationship between the decrease of semen quality and sperm DNA damage,as well as the down-regulation of Chk1 expression.