重视视网膜微血管改变在全身血管疾病诊疗中的作用

Paying attention to the role of retinal microvascular changes in prognosis and management of systemic microvascular diseases

作为全身微循环系统的组成部分，视网膜微血管和心脑微血管在病理状态下可能存在相似的改变。虽然目前尚无研究证实视网膜微血管改变与心脑血管疾病（CVD）之间存在明确的因果关系，但是认识到他们之间的相关性，对于临床医师综合评估全身微循环健康情况、预测CVD发生风险、早期进行有效的一级预防具有重要意义。此外，视网膜血管阻塞性疾病患者，尤其是那些尚未确诊为CVD等全身疾病的患者，往往因未进行全身疾病的检查而延误治疗，造成严重后果。因此，眼科医师须认识CVD与视网膜血管改变及疾病的关系，通过可视的视网膜微血管改变为全身血管性病变的一级预防、诊断和治疗提供有用的信息。

Being a part of the microcireulatoty system,retinal microvasculature may have similar morphology change as eardio- and cerebro-mierovasculature under the pathological conditions. Although no study has proved that there exists causal relationship between retinal mierovasculature change and cardiovascular diseases （CVD） ,realizing their connection is extremely vital for ophthalmologists to evaluate the status of the systemic microeirculation, predict the occurrence of CVD, and proceed primary prevention by visible information of retinal microvaseular alteration. In addition, for the patients suffering from retinal vascular occlusion,especially those with undiagnosed systemic diseases like CVD,ignoring systemic examinations may delay proper treatment and lead to the consequences of ill health. In conclusion, ophthalmologists should recognize the association of retinal microvasculature changes with systemic vascular diseases and provide useful information for primary prevention and early diagnosis and treatment of systemic vascular diseases.