胸腰段单椎体骨折脱位伴脊髓损伤患者住院时间的相关影响因素分析

Analysis of the Related Influencing Factors of Hospitalization Time of Patients with Single Tho- racolumbar Vertebral Fracture and Dislocation Complicated by Spinal Cord Injury

【目的】观察胸腰段单椎体骨折脱位伴脊髓损伤患者住院时间的相关影响因素。【方法】选择本院于2012年1月至2013年1月收治的胸腰段单椎体骨折脱位伴脊髓损伤患者30例作为研究对象，患者均采取后路腰椎椎板切除减压及钉棒系统内固定术治疗，术前Frankel分级：A级3全，B级7例，C组11例，D级9例。分析影响患者住院时间相关的因素。【结果130例患者均随访24个月，均无继发性脊髓损伤发生。治疗后Frankel分级A级3例（10．0％），B级1例（3．3％），C级3例（10．0％），D级10例（33．3％），E级13例（43．3％），与术前比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；患者年龄、是否压疮、合并高血压、糖尿病、下肢血栓及呼吸道感染为住院时间延长的主要影响因素（P〈0．05）。【结论】患者年龄、是否压疮、合并高血压、糖尿病、下肢血栓及呼吸道感染为胸腰段单椎体骨折脱住伴脊髓损伤患者住院时间延长的相关因素。

[Objective]To observe the related influencing factors of hospitalization time of patients with thoracolumbar single vertebral fractures and dislocation by spinal cord injury. [Methods]The research subjects were 30 patients with single thoracolumbar fractures and dislocation by spinal cord injury treated in our hospi- tal from January 2012 to January 2013. All of which adopted posterior lumbar laminectomy decompression and pedicle screw fixation. The influencing factors of extension of hospitalization time were analyzed.[Results] Thirty patients were followed up for 24 months and were found to have no secondary spinal injury. After the treatment, 3 cases （10%） were of grade A on the Frankel grading scale, 1 case （3.3%） of grade B, 3 cases （10%） of grade C , 10 cases （33.3%） of grade D, and 13 cases （43.3%） of grade E. Compared with those be- fore the treatment, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈0.05）.The patients＇ age, presence/ab- sence of pressure ulcer, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thrombosis of lower limbs, and infection of the re- spiratory tract were the influencing factors of extension of hospitalization time （ P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]It was found that the patients＇ age, presence/absence of pressure ulcer, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thrombosis of lower limbs, and infection of the respiratory tract were the influencing factors of extension of hospitalization time of patients with single thoracolumbar fractures and dislocation due to spinal cord injury.