初乳饲喂时间和量对新生犊牛腹泻的影响

Influence of Feeding Amount and Time of Colostrum on Diarrhea in Newborn Calves

为了探讨初乳饲喂时间和饲喂量对奶牛犊牛腹泻发病率的影响,随机选取48头健康新生犊牛,将其分为6组,每组8头,对照组(初乳/体重为10%,初乳饲喂时间为产后1.0h),试验组A(初乳/体重为9%,初乳饲喂时间为产后1.0h),试验组B(初乳/体重为11%,初乳饲喂时间为产后1.0h),试验组Ⅰ(初乳/体重为10%,初乳饲喂时间为产后0.5h),试验组Ⅱ(初乳/体重为10%,初乳饲喂时间为产后1.5h),试验组Ⅲ(初乳/体重为10%,初乳饲喂时间为产后2.0h)。各组的犊牛分别于出生时(0d)和断奶时(60d)空腹称重,观察并记录犊牛腹泻情况。结果表明,对照组、试验组A、试验组B、试验组Ⅰ、试验组Ⅱ和试验组Ⅲ的犊牛腹泻发病率分别为37.5%、20%、0%、0%、62.5%和50%,试验组B和试验组Ⅰ的腹泻发病率显著低于对照组和其他试验组。因此,初乳饲喂时间为1.0h,初乳/体重为11%;饲喂时间0.5h,初乳/体重为10%两种情况可有效降低新生犊牛腹泻发病率。

To investigate the influence of feeding amount and time of colostrum the diarrhea in calves,48 newborn calves were randomly selected and divided into 6groups as following：control group（colostrum/weight is 10%,feeding time is 1.0hafter delivery）,experimental group A（colostrum/weight is 9%,feeding time is 1.0h）,experimental group B（colostrum/weight is 11%,feeding time is 1.0h）,experimental group Ⅰ（colostrum/weight is 10%,feeding time is 0.5h）,experimental group Ⅱ（colostrum/weight is 10%,feeding time is 1.5h）,experimental groupⅢ（colostrum/weight is 10%,feeding time is 1.5h）.All the calves were weighted at 0dand 60d（at weaning）.Diarrhea and growth performance were observed and recorded.The result showed that calf diarrhea morbidity of the control group,experimental group A,experimental group B,experimental group Ⅰ,experimental group Ⅱ,experimental group Ⅲwere 37.5%,20%,0%,0%,62.5% and 50%,respectively.Compared with the control group,experimental group A,experimental group Ⅱ,experimental group Ⅲ,the diarrhea morbidities of experimental group B,experimental group Ⅰ were significantly lower.In conclusion,feeding newborn calves with colostrum within 0.5hwith the colostrum/weight of 10%,or feeding newborn calves with colostrum within1.0hwith the colostrum/weight of 11%,can effectively reduce the incidence of diarrhea in calves.