分段峭度值用于列车滚动轴承故障声发射诊断研究

Time-Varying Kurtosis for Acoustic Emission Technique Research on Fault Diagnostics of Train's Bearing

随着我国动车组列车及铁路重载运输技术的飞速发展,列车转向架滚动轴承作为承受及传递载荷的关键零件发挥着越来越重要的作用。因此采用先进的技术对滚动轴承进行状态监测与故障诊断,实现由事后维修、定期检修到视情况维修的根本转变具有重大意义。本文采用了声发射检测方法对外圈故障的滚动轴承进行了实验,针对轴承早期微弱故障的声发射信号容易被噪声淹没的特点,作者提出了分段峭度值分析法对所测信号进行分析研究,通过Matlab软件得出不同点数分段情况下的分段峭度谱曲线图,将背景噪声下故障特征凸显出来,实现了抑制噪声、突出故障特征成分的目的。实验结果证明了该方法用于滚动轴承早期微弱故障声发射信号特征提取的有效性。

With the rapid development of CRH train and railway freight transport, rolling bearings of train bogie as a bear and load transmit-ting devices play an increasingly important role. Therefore, it is significant to the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rolling bearings by using the advanced technology, meanwhile the changes from corrective maintenance, periodic maintenance to a fundamental shift can be real-ized. This paper carried out the experiment used by acoustic emission measurement to test bearing with outer ring defect. As the early weak a-coustic emission signals in rolling bearing are easy to submerged by background noises, time-varying kurtosis analyze means is put forward. The time-varying kurtosis spectrums were calculated with Matlab, then the defect characters were intensified and the background noises were great weakened. The experimental research results showed that this method was effective for character extraction of initial weak defect signals.