宁波市女中学生生殖健康认知及服务需求调查分析

Cognition status and service demands of reproductive health among female students in middle schools of Ningbo

目的:了解宁波市女中学生生殖健康认知及相关卫生服务需求状况。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样法,对宁波市535名中学女生进行青春期生殖健康状况、认知、服务需求问卷调查。结果:54.5%的学生月经周期规律正常,经前期综合征及痛经的发生率分别为63.55%及28.7%,均以轻度为主(分别占50.6%与67.8%),仅16.7%的女生表示月经来临对学习没有影响;对避孕药及安全套正确功能的认知率分别仅为37.3%和35.7%,对最容易怀孕时间的知晓率仅9.7%,对性病/艾滋病知识认知率多在50%以下;主要通过同学(朋友)、学校生理卫生课、家长获取青春期生殖健康知识,所希望的的主要实施者是生理卫生课老师、医护人员。结论:女中学生生殖健康知识较为缺乏,应根据当前中学女生生殖状况特点与需求情况,开展有针对性的适宜的卫生保健服务与健康促进活动。

Objective To know about the current status of cognition, service demands and the influencing factors of reproductive health among female students in middle schools of Ningbo city. Methods A total of 535 female students from middle schools of Ningbo were selected as subjects by stratified random sampling. The reproductive health knowl- edge, attitude and behavior were surveyed by questionnaire. Results The menstrual cycle of 54.5 percent of students was normal. The incidence rates of premenstrual syndrome （PMS） and dysmenorrheal among female students were 63.55% and 28.7% ,respectively, 50.6% and 67.8% of which were both mild. Only 16.7% of students thought that the study was not influenced on days of menstruation. Only 37.3% and 35.7% of students knew the knowledge of contraceptive and correct use of condom, and only 9.7% knew the time of easy pregnancy. The awareness of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS among most of female students were both under 50%. Sources of obtaining reproductive health knowledge were classmates, friends, physiological health lessons in schools and parents. Teachers of physiological health lessons and medical staff were the ones the students most expected to obtain knowledge from. Conclusions Most of the female students lack reproductive health knowledge. It is suggested that we should carry out relevant and feasible re- productive health knowledge education and health promotion activities according to the characteristics of the female students in middle schools.