黑格尔《法哲学》版本考

A Bibliographical Study on Various Editions of Hegel's Philosophy of Right

《法哲学原理》是黑格尔在柏林大学上讲座课而印刷的教材,1821年出了第一版。从1818年到1831年,在上法哲学课的过程中,黑格尔对相应的内容做了一些"口头补充"和"页边注释",在他去世后,就留下了非常多关于法哲学的"遗著"。甘斯在主编第一版《黑格尔全集》时,按照他的理解选编了一些他认为重要的注释作为"补充"加在相应的内容之后,这就出现了不同于黑格尔自己出版的第二个《法哲学原理》版本。这个版本影响非常大,几乎在沿用了100年之后,拉松博士才开始对它对提出强烈的质疑和修正。此后,围绕如何处理黑格尔遗留下来的"口头补充"和页边注释,形成了许多不同的黑格尔法哲学的版本。这些版本各有其自身的特色,呈现出不同风格的黑格尔法哲学形态,有力地推进了黑格尔哲学研究的进步。不同的黑格尔主义者,认同不同版本的黑格尔法哲学,有的版本之间的差别还相当大。这就提醒人们,对黑格尔法哲学的不同阐释,不能不依赖于参照不同的法哲学版本。与版本学的进步相适应,黑格尔思想研究的进步大体上可以区分为三个阶段:(1)平面化、单向化的黑格尔法哲学研究,不会参照不同的版本之间黑格尔表达的差异;(2)注重逻辑与历史张力的黑格尔法哲学研究,正是依赖于考察黑格尔的真实哲学与不同时期的法哲学之间的差异性;(3)语境化的黑格尔法哲学研究,更是详细考察黑格尔法哲学讲座每一节内容表达上的不同与其特定时间处境之间的关系。中国大多数研究依然处在第一个起步阶段,有少数人的研究已经进入到第二阶段,而进入第三阶段的前提是不同时间的法哲学版本的出版。

Hegel had his Elements of the Philosophy of Right printed several times to be used as a textbook for his lectures. Its first edition came out in 1821. But actually the textbook had already been published for teaching purpose at the beginning of October, 1820, which was the first version of his Philosophy of Right, whose sub-title read as ＂An outline of natural law and political science＂. Hegel lectured on philosophy of right every year from 1818 until he died of cholera on November 14, 1831. In this period, he thought it necessary to give some oral additions and marginal notes to the corresponding contents of the textbook for his lectures. After Hegel died, the first edition of the Complete Works of Hegel was published under his student Eduard Gans＇ general editorship, in which Gans selected some notes that were supposed to be important and significant as ＂additions＂, and added them to the corresponding contents. In consequence, there appeared the second edition of Philosophy of Right. Gans＇ edition has had a great impact since then, which was strongly challenged and revised by the famous Hegel scholar Georg Lason almost 100 years later. Therefore many different editions of Hegel＇ s Philosophy of Right have made their appearance from then on, which are controversy over how to deal with the legacy of Hegel＇ s oral additions and marginal notes. This process can be roughly divided into three stages ： （ 1 ） the planar and unilateral study of Hegel＇ s philosophy of right, in which the researchers wouldn＇ t refer to various editions of Hegel＇ s Philosophy of Right to find out his different expressions; （2） the study of Hegel＇ s philosophy of right with its focus on the tension of logic and history, which depends on observing Hegel＇ s genuine philosophy and the differences in his expression of philosophy of right in different periods; （3） the contextualized study of Hegel＇ s philosophy of right with its focus on the differences in the expression of the same content in different contexts and periods. Most of the studies on Hegel＇ s philosophy of right in China is still in the initial stage, while only a few studies have entered into the second stage. And the premise of entering into the third stage is the publication of the corresponding editions of Hegel＇ s Philosophy of Right.