杭州市下城区流动人口慢性病患病情况及危险因素分析

An analysis on the prevalence and risk factors of non- communicable diseases among immigrants in Xiacheng district in Hangzhou city

目的了解杭州市下城区流动人口慢性病患病情况及危险因素,为制定流动人口慢性病防控措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,选取杭州市下城区5个行业≥18周岁流动人口进行《中国慢性病及其危险因素监测(2012)流动人口专题调查问卷》调查、体格检查和实验室检测,分析慢性病患病的危险因素。结果共调查303人,慢性病患病率为39.60%,其中高血压16.17%、糖尿病2.97%、血脂异常28.71%、慢性阻塞性肺气肿0.99%、哮喘0.33%、恶性肿瘤0.66%、骨关节疾病3.30%和颈/腰部疾病3.63%。在不同行业、性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻、BMI、腰围、居住情况、外出务工时间以及工作方式的流动人口中,慢性病患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析提示,从事住宿餐饮工作和社会服务,女性,初中、高中或中专、大专及以上文化程度是保护因素,其OR值分别为0.261、0.359、0.463、0.388、0.344和0.150;超重、肥胖和腰围(男性≥85 cm或女性≥80 cm)是危险因素,其OR值分别为6.112、11.321和2.315。结论杭州市城区流动人口慢性病患病率较高,宜根据不同行业患病状况及相关危险因素,采取针对性干预措施,以控制流动人口慢性病发展。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of non - communicable diseases(NCD)among immigrants in Xiacheng district in Hangzhou city and to provide a scientific evidence for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods Using multi - stage cluster sampling method,immigrants were recruited. A face - to - face interview was conducted using structured questionnaire including general condition,smoking,drinking,physical exercise and life satisfaction. Meanwhile,height,weight,waist circumference,blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipids were examined. The risk factors of NCD were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 303 immigrants aged over 18 years were randomly selected from 5 industries in Xiacheng district,Hangzhou. The prevalence rate of NCD among immigrants was 39. 60% ,and the prevalence rates of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),asthma,cancer,bone and joint disease,cervical or lumbar disease were 16. 17% ,2. 97% ,28. 71% ,0. 99% ,0. 33% ,0. 66% ,3. 30% ,3. 63% , respectively. There were significant differences in the prevalence among immigrants of different industry,gender,age,education,marriage,body mass index (BMI),waist circumference,living environment,peasant - workers time and working way( P < 0. 05). Unconditional multivariate logistic regressions showed that accommodation and catering,social services,female,junior middle school and above were the protective factors,however overweight,obesity and waist circumference(male above 85 cm or female above 80 cm)were the risk factors. The odds ratios were 6. 112,11. 321,and 2. 315 respectively. Conclusion The prevalence rate of NCD among immigrants was high in urban area of Hangzhou city. Intervention strategy should be implemented timely in order to control the development of NCD according to the prevalence of different industry and related risk factors.