子思事迹考

Textual Research on the Deeds of Zisi

子思为孔子之孙,有关其生平事迹,学者多语焉不详。根据现有之史料,发现子思先后到过宋、卫、齐、费等国。子思十六岁时适宋,《中庸》即作于此地,此为其周游列国之始。子思居卫的时间较长,受到卫君、卫公子交的礼遇。居齐时,子思向齐君言"在德不在貌"的用人之道。居费时,费惠公、费子阳皆以师事之。费邑并不是一般的采邑,而是在政治与经济上具有一定独立性的附庸国。通过对相关史料的钩稽,子思周游列国之事迹,大略可知。

Zisi is the grandson of Confucius and his life wasn’t much known by people. According to the existing historical materials, we know that Zisi has been to the kingdoms such as Song, Wei, Qi and Bi. He start?ed his tour to the kingdom of Song at the age of 16 and finished The Means there. Then he went to Wei, where he stayed for a long time and was courteously received by the seigneur and the prince of Wei. After that, he lived in Qi and told the seigneur that“morality is important than appearance”. When he stayed in Bi, Bi Huigong and Bi Ziyang considered him as their teachers. Bi was not a common feud but an attached state inde?pendently in politics and economy. By looking through the relative historical materials, we can know Zisi’s tour?ing in various states.