广西汉族和瑶族学生体格发育影响因素的对比性研究

Comparative study on influence factors of physical development in Han and Yao nationality students in Guangxi

目的探讨广西汉、瑶族中小学生体格发育影响因素的异同,为制定本地区汉、瑶族学生生长发育干预措施提供参考依据。方法分别抽取7、10、13岁的汉、瑶族学生330和301人,进行体格测量和生长发育影响因素调查。结果 (1)男生体格发育无民族差异;女生7岁组瑶族身高、体重均优于汉族,10岁、13岁组身高为汉族优于瑶族,体重无民族差异。(2)23项生长发育影响因素中,除经济情况、富蛋白质食品和水果供给及睡眠质量为汉族略优外,其余因素在两民族的情况相仿。(3)多元线性逐步回归分析表明,除年龄外,挑食习惯是决定汉、瑶族学生身高、体重的最重要因素。身高还与父母身高及膳食营养状况有关,体重则主要表现为膳食营养状况的影响。结论汉、瑶族学生的体格发育差异不明显,生长发育影响因素相似,膳食营养状况是最主要的影响因素。建议对汉、瑶族学生可采取相同的生长发育干预策略,但在具体措施上有所区别。

Objective To investigate the similarities and differences of influence factors for adolescents’ physical development in Han and Yao nationality students of Guangxi, and provide reference basis for formulating the intervention measures of adolescents’ growth and development in the local area. Methods Three hundred and thirty students of Han ethnic and 301 students of Yao ethnic aged 7, 10 and 13 were selected. Their physical development indexes were measured and the influence factors of adolescents’ growth and development investigated. Results ①The ethnic differences in boys’ physical development were not found, in 7 years old group of girls, the height and weight of Yao ethnic were both higher than Han, in 10 and 13 years old groups, the height of Han was higher than Yao, and no ethnic differences in weight was found. ② In the 23 influence factors, only the levels of economic situation, supply of rich protein food and fruit and quality of sleep in Han were better than Yao.③ Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that, picky eating habit was the most important determinant of children's height and weight in Han and Yao people, except for age. In addition, height was related to the height of parents and dietary nutrition status, and the main effect of weight was dietary nutrition status. Conclusion The differences of adolescents’ physical development between Han and Yao people were not obvious, the influence factors of the growth and development were similar, and the dietary nutrition status was the most important factor. We should take the same intervention strategy in Han and Yao, but there will be some differences in the specific measures.