基层社会治理转型与新型乡村共同体的构建——我国农村社区建设的实践与反思(2003-2014)

The Transformation of Grass-roots Governance and the Construction of New Rural Community——The Practice and Reflection on the Construction of China's Rural Community(2003-2014)

加强农村社区建设是我国基层社会治理转型的必然选择和重要内容。当前我国农村社区建设的实质是在新形势下构建新型乡村共同体。本文从实践历程、主要模式、主要经验、主要问题等方面对我国农村社区建设的实践进行了梳理和反思。分析表明,在农村社区建设过程中,各地一定要因地制宜,选择符合本地特点的模式。农村社区建设的主要任务是构建"分工合理、权责明确、多元共治"的社区治理体系、"城乡一体、统筹兼顾、功能复合"的社区服务体系和"导向明确、特色鲜明、形式多样"的社区文化体系。当前,我国农村社区建设还要在顶层设计、调整"国家-社会"关系、重建社区的公共性以及一些具体问题上有所突破。

Strengthen the rural community construction is the inevitable choice and the important content of grassroots governance transformation in China. The essence of China' s rural community construction is the constructionof new rural community in the new situation.This paper reviews and reflections from the practice process, the main mode, the main experience, and the main problems on the construction of China's rural community. In the process of rural community construction, all localities must suit one' s measures to local conditions. The main goal of the rural community construction is 'rational division of labor, clear responsibilities, multi governance' community governance system, 'integration of urban and rural areas, overall planning, functional composite' community service system, and 'clear guidance, distinctive features, various forms' community cultural system. At present, the construction of China's rural communities have more breakthroughs in public top design, adjust the 'state-society' relation, reconstruction of community's publicity, and so on.