TPP背景下基因药品专利池之构建、管理与运行

On Construction, Management and Operation of Gene Technical Patent Pool

伴随着"药厂友好型"之TPP协定的达成和基因制药产业的飞速发展,药品专利与公共健康的矛盾日益突出,基因药品专利池作为化解这一矛盾的有效措施应运而生。日益严重的专利丛林现象与反公有地悲剧是基因药品专利池产生的动因,TPP影响下不断加剧的技术垄断风险与抑制创新危机则是基因药品专利池构建的困境;因而,有必要从区分专利类型与设立技术标准和遴选必要专利与明确价值取向两个步骤来实现基因药品专利池的高效管理,并采用多元化的许可机制来确保基因药品专利池的良好运行。

With the achievement of TPP which is ＂pharmaceutical factory friendly＂and the development of gene pharmacy, the confl ict between medicinal patent and public health is being obvious day after day. The gene medicinal patent pool, as a way of solving this confl ict, are born. Patent thickets and Anti-commons being serious day after day is the reason why gene medicinal patent pools emerge. With the influence of TPP, the risk of technical monopoly and the danger of innovative limitation arising more and more seriously, which is the problem of how to establish gene medicinal patent pools. Thus, it is necessary to enforce management efficiently of gene medicinal patent pools in two steps of distinguishing the patent form, designing technical standard and selecting essential patents, defi ning value orientation. Meanwhile, it is also necessary to insure operation smoothly of gene medicinal patent pools by adopting diversifi ed license system.