600名预选卫生士官学员的健康素养调查

Survey of health literacy among 600 pre-selected medical non-commissioned officer trainees

目的了解预选卫生士官健康素养及其影响因素,为提高预选卫生士官培训质量提供参考依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,对600名预选卫生士官进行问卷调查。结果具备健康素养的预选卫生士官比例为13.43%,其中,基本健康知识和理念知晓率为4.77%,健康生活方式与行为形成率为37.63%,掌握基本健康技能的比例为54.77%。女兵健康素养具备的比例为23.2%,男兵为12.4%。22~25岁年龄组具备健康素养的比例为24.6%;其次是19~21岁年龄组,为12.7%;16~18岁年龄组最低,为10.9%。具有大学/大专学历水平的预选卫生士官具备健康素养的比例高于高中、初中及以下学历水平。士兵的学历水平、年龄和性别与健康素养水平相关联。结论参训的预选卫生士官整体健康素养水平较低,组训院校在进行培训时应设置符合其能力水平的培养方案,开发相应的课程,以促进培训质量。

[Objective]To understand the status of health literacy and its influencing factors among pre-selected medical noncommissioned officer trainees, provide the evidence for improving the training quality.[Methods]A questionnaire survey was performed among 600 pre-selected medical non-commissioned officer trainees who were collected by the cluster sampling.[Results]The proportion of pre-selected medical non-commissioned officer trainees who had the health literacy was 13.43%. The awareness rate of basic health knowledge and concept was 4.77%, the formation rate of healthy lifestyle and behavior was 37.63%, and54.77% of respondents have mastered the basic health skills. 23.2% of female trainees and 12.4% of male trainees had the health literacy. The proportion of trainees with health literacy in 22-25 year-old age group was the highest（24.6%）, followed by 19-21 year-old age group, and that in 16-18 year-old age group was the lowest（10.9%）. The holding rate of health literacy among trainees with college degree or above was higher than that among trainees with education level of senior high school, junior high school or below. The health literacy leve1 was related to the education level, age and gender of pre-selected medical non-commissioned officer trainees.[Conclusion]The health literacy level of pre-selected medical non-commissioned officer trainees is low. The colleges should formulate the training program according to students’ ability, and design the appropriate course, to improve the training quality.